Hydration for Athletes: An Athletic Trainer’s Guide to Fluid Replacement for Athletes
Douglas J. Casa, PhD, ATC, FACSM and John M. Rosene, DPE, ATC
In this interactive course you will participate in activities that are designed to help you understand how proper hydration may aid in the effectiveness of athletic performance. After completing the course, it is incumbent upon you to educate others about the importance of hydration for athletes.
The specific objectives of the course include gaining an understanding of the importance of fluid replacement for athletes by designing, implementing, and evaluating successful fluid replacement strategies. The physiological, medical, and performance considerations associated with dehydration will be explored. Finally, you will demonstrate an understanding of the factors influencing optimal hydration before, during and after athletic participation.
The National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Fluid Replacement for Athletes serves as the foundation for this course.
In the course you will assume the role of an athletic trainer. During the course, Reed Mayer, ATC, will introduce you to concepts you’ll need to be familiar with as you assess the hydration status of athletes and plan and implement hydration protocols. As the athletes share information about their training regimes and dietary and hydration habits, you will apply the principles introduced in the course to create and modify hydration protocols. The course concludes with a final exam over the key concepts and principles associated with hydration for athletes.
Physiology of Thermoregulation
Reed provides a review of the body’s thermoregulatory process. He discusses the signs and symptoms of heat illness and helps you understand the treatments for various heat-related illnesses. The process of heat acclimatization is presented so that you can understand how to prepare athletes to practice and compete in hot environments.
You’re also introduced to the athletes you’ll work with throughout the course. Several high school wrestlers and football players are joined by two female collegiate soccer players and a distance runner.
Assessing Hydration Status
Working with Reed and the athletes, you’ll learn to recognize and interpret the common signs and symptoms of dehydration. Reed presents the common methods of assessing hydration status including urine color, urine specific gravity, and body weight changes. A quiz is included to help you review the key concepts presented in this session.
Hydration Beverages
Reed helps you understand that a hydration protocol is not “one size fits all” as he describes the necessary components of hydration beverages consumed before, during, and after activity. By the end of this session, you’ll know when and why some beverages are favorable to others. Reed presents some information on budgeting for hydration protocols. The session concludes with a brief quiz.
Dehydration & the Body
In this part of the course, you examine the basic physiology associated with thermoregulation, dehydration, and rehydration. Reed also discusses the medical consequences associated with severe hypohydration and hyperhydration. The key concepts are reviewed in a short quiz.
Dehydration & Performance
Reed helps you work with several athletes so that you can better understand the performance consequences associated with progressively more severe levels of dehydration. Reed also helps you understand the role that rehydration has on maintaining athletic performance. A quiz concludes this session.
Protocols
You’ll work with the athletes engaging in two-a-day practices and competitive events in the heat as you learn about the multiple parameters that must be considered when establishing a hydration protocol (these include rules and confines of the sport, calculating sweat rate, hydration containers, and individual preferences). The focus of this session is to help you understand the multi-faceted considerations for implementing a successful hydration protocol and the necessary educational processes that must be a part of this process. You’ll create a heat and hydration policy and plan an educational presentation for a team sport before taking the review quiz over key concepts.
Hydration & Activity
Reed works with you to help you learn about the proper amounts, type, and timing of rehydration beverages immediately before, during, and after athletic participation. He’ll give you pointers on how to maximize success with the rehydration process during activity. Working with the athletes, you’ll learn how assessment of hydration status and education can help prepare the athletes for activity in hot environments. You’ll examine using fluids with sodium for rehydration, strategies to help the athlete achieve maximal rehydration in a limited amount of time and aggressive rehydration techniques.The session includes a brief review quiz.
Case Studies
Five case studies allow you to apply the concepts and principles you've learned in the course.
Course Test
Finally, you'll take the online course test, which covers material from the interactive study guide and from the reading assignments.
System Requirements
This course is designed to work best when your computer and Internet browser are configured to the following technical requirements and setup specifications:
- Internet Explorer 5.5+ (Windows), Netscape Navigator 7.1+, Mozilla 1.7+, or Firefox 1.0+.
- Computer monitor preferences set for 800 X 600 resolution or larger.
- Adobe Flash Player version 7+. To download the free Flash Player, click on the button below.
- Adobe Reader version 7+. To download Acrobat Reader, click on the button below.
- Browser pop-up blockers disabled.
Back to the Online Education Center

